Table 1 Baseline clinical and tumor features of HGILAs between the multimodal and conventional groups

Male, N (%)

164 (62.4)

81 (59.1)

0.53

Age, Mean ± SD

47.9 ± 13.6

51.0 ± 13.9

0.03

AQ, Median (IQR)

87.0 (72.2–100)

87.9 (68.7–100)

0.86

Seizures, N (%)

59 (22.4)

30 (21.9)

0.98

KPS, median (IQR)

70 (60–80)

70 (60–80)

0.21

Recurrent glioma

57 (21.7)

26 (19.0)

0.53

Language cortices involved, N (%)

128 (48.7)

67 (48.9)

0.96

Tumor Volume, median (range)

46.02 (28.33–73.10)

52.31 (26.55–76.21)

0.85

Nearest distance to language areas, median (IQR)

1.20 (0–4.18)

1.21 (0–4.73)

0.64

WHO grade

3

100 (38.0)

42 (30.7)

0.14

4

163 (62.0)

95 (69.3)

IDHmut^a

27 (33.3)

17 (37.8)

0.62

MGMTmet^a

35 (43.2)

27 (60.0)

0.07

1p/19q loh^a

11 (13.6)

4 (8.9)

0.44

TERTmut^a

42 (51.9)

24 (53.3)

0.87

Radiotherapy, N (%)

206 (78.3)

100 (73.0)

0.23

TMZ cycles, median (IQR)

6 (3–12)

6 (0–6)

0.01