Some cool considerations of external lumbar drainage during its widespread application in neurosurgical practice: a long way to go

Table 1 Some of the studies that focusing on control of refractory ICH with ELD

First author	Year	Type of study	No. of patients	Age group	Outcome	Complications during ELD
First author	Year	Type of study	No. of patients	Age group	Outcome	CH	Meningitis
Baldwin HZ [14]	1991		5	Children	Significant decrease in ICP (3)	0	0
					Survived (3)
					GOS ≥4 (2)
Levy DI [15]	1995	Retrospective	16	Children	Significant decrease in ICP (14)	0	0
					Survived (14)
					GOS ≥4 (11)
Willemse RB [16]	1998	Retrospective	7	Adults	Significant decrease in ICP (NA)	0	0
					Survived (5)
					GOS ≥4 (3)
Münch EC [17]	2001	Prospective	23	Adults	Significant decrease in ICP (23)	2	0
					Survived (15)
					GOS ≥4 (10)
Murad A (18)	2008	Prospective	8	Adults	Significant decrease in ICP (8)	0	0
					Survived (NA)
					GOS ≥4 (NA)
Tuettenberg J [5]	2009	Prospective	100	Children and adults	Significant decrease in ICP (NA)	12	7
					Survived (55)
					GOS ≥4 (36)
Llompart-Pou JA [19]	2011	Retrospective	30	Adults	Significant decrease in ICP (NA)	0	1
					Survived (23)
					GOS ≥4 (18)
Murad A [20]	2011	Prospective	6	Adults	Significant decrease in ICP (NA)	0	0
					Survived (4)
					GOS ≥4 (NA)
Murad A [21]	2012	Prospective	15	Adults	Significant decrease in ICP (NA)	1	0
					Survived (12)
					GOS ≥4 (NA)

NA not applicable, GOS Glasgow Outcome Scale, ICP intracranial pressure, CH cerebral herniation