Table 2 Summary of Clinical Features and Epidemiological of 11 Reported Dumbbell-Shaped Epidural CM
Author | Age/Sex | Location | Presentation | Therapy | Resection | Intervetebral foramen | MRI features | FU | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
T1WI | T2WI | Gd | ||||||||
Rovira (1999) | 51/F | L3–4 | LBP, Sciatica | Hemilaminectomy | – | Not dilated | Iso | Hyper | HO | Improved |
Franz (1987) | 23/M | T3–4 | Paraplegia | Laminectomy | Total | Dilated | – | – | – | Improved |
Morioka (1986) | 50/M | T2–3 | Hypesthesia | Laminectomy + thoracotomy | Total | Not dilated | – | – | – | – |
Haimes (1991) | 46/F | T3–4 | Hypesthesia | Laminectomy + thoracotomy | Total | Mild dilated | Iso | Hyper | – | Improved |
Uchida (2010) | 75/M | T11–12 | Leg weakness, pain | Laminectomy + foraminotomy | Total | Not dilated | Iso | Hyper | HO | Improved |
Lanotte 1994) | 27/F | T1–2 | Hypesthesia | Arthrolaminectomy | Total | Dialated | Hypo | Hyper | HO | Improved |
Feider (1991) | 50/M | L3–4 | Sciatica | – | Total | Not dilated | Iso | Hyper | HO | Improved |
Padovani (1982) | 75/M | T3–6 | Gait disturbance | Laminectomy | Partial | Not dilated | – | – | – | Improved |
Fukushma (1987) | 54/M | T7–8 | Paraplegia | Laminectomy | Total | Not dilated | – | – | – | Improved |
Harringto (1995) | 37/F | L3–4 | Leg numbness and pain | Hemilaminectomy | Subtotal | Not dilated | Iso | – | HE | Improved |
Yunoki (2015) | 77/F | L2–3 | Hypesthesia | Foraminotomy | Subtotal | Mild dialated | Hypo | Hyper | HO | Improved |