Fig. 5

Thirty-four-year-old female patient, with large cholesteatoma of the posterior cranial fossa. a, b MRI before surgery. c Intraoperative photograph: 1—basilar artery; 2—cholesteatoma mass; and 3—dura mater of the clival region. d Intraoperative photograph at the stage of skull base defect reconstruction with microsutures. e, f MRI 4 months after surgery