Fig. 2From: Sex differences in traumatic brain injury: a multi-dimensional exploration in genes, hormones, cells, individuals, and societyThe mechanism of estrogen and progesterone in the acute phase after TBI; the anti-inflammatory effects are greater than inflammatory effects. IL-6 and TNF-α bring anti-inflammatory effects on the brain while TGF-β brings inflammatory. Usually, the former is stronger; thus, estrogen and progesterone benefit from the brain after TBIBack to article page