Fig. 1

Three-dimensional multimodality medical fusion imaging demonstrating the arterial involvement and cavernous sinus involvement. a The tumor partially encircling the M1 segment of the middle cerebral artery (MCA) without narrowing the lumen, with a score of 1. b The tumor completely (360°) encircling the internal carotid artery (ICA) without narrowing the lumen, with a score of 2. c The tumor completely encircling and narrowing the M1 segment of the MCA, with a score of 3. d The tumor completely encircling and narrowing the ICA and M1 segment of the MCA, with a score of 4