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Table 2 Pooled ORs and 95% CI for the association between ever versus never smoking and risk of meningioma in women, according to selected subgroups

From: A decreased risk of meningioma in women smokers was only observed in American studies rather than studies conducted in other countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Subgroups

No. of studies

OR (95% CI)

I2

P

Overall

7

0.83 (0.7–0.98)

45.9

0.089

Target population

    

 Female

2

0.75 (0.53–1.07)

61.1

0.109

 Male + female

5

0.88 (0.69–1.13)

53.0

0.075

Area

    

 USA

3

0.77 (0.68–0.87)

1.5

0.362

 Europe and Canada

2

0.88 (0.73–1.07)

0

0.686

 Asia

2

1.21 (0.50–2.90)

80.7

0.023

Development level

    

 Developed country

6

0.80 (0.73–0.88)

0

0.614

 Developing country

1

1.94 (1.04–3.62)

-

-

Study design

    

 Cohort

1

0.87 (0.71–1.07)

-

-

 Case control

6

0.83 (0.66–1.04)

53.0

0.059

  Hospital-based

4

0.86 (0.62–1.19)

68.9

0.022

  Population-based

2

0.79 (0.57–1.08)

0

0.324

Smoking assessment

    

 Interview

5

0.88 (0.69–1.13)

53.0

0.075

 Questionnaires

2

0.75 (0.53–1.07)

61.1

0.109

OR type

    

 Crude

2

0.75 (0.53–1.07)

61.1

0.109

 Adjusted

5

0.88 (0.69–1.13)

53.0

0.075

  1. OR, odds ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval