Fig. 2

A CTA shows irregular tortuous dilatation of bilateral carotid cavernous sinus segment. B Right carotid angiography shows that the arterial blood flows through the cavernous sinus into the right superior ophthalmic vein (white arrow) and inferior petrosal sinus (double white arrow) and causes it to expand. C Right carotid angiography demonstrates that the anterior communicating artery supplies blood to the left cerebral hemisphere with good compensation. D Left carotid angiography demonstrating that the cavernous sinus fistula is relatively large, the distal artery blood flow has not yet developed, and the blood flow through the fistula is drained into the vein (white arrows), showing “stolen flow” phenomenon. E The left carotid angiography shows significant cortical venous reflux (white arrow). F Left vertebral artery angiography shows reverse flow of blood to cavernous sinus fistula via left posterior communication (white arrow)