Fig. 2

Intraoperative view of the cortex exposed by the left frontal–temporal craniotomy and brain mapping after stimulation and localization of eloquent sites. Right facial numbness is induced in stimulating the dorsal and caudal cortex of the tumors which is labeled with white 8–10, right mouth and eye involuntary convulsions were induced in stimulating the superior and anterior cortex of the tumors labeled with white 1–3 and yellow 1–3, and speech arrest was induced when brain cortex labeled with white and yellow 1–3 was stimulated. A Brain mapping before operation. B Tumor cavity after subtotal glioma resection