From: Scavenger Receptor Class B type 1 (SR-B1) and the modifiable risk factors of stroke
SR-B1 | Modifiable risk factors | Findings | References |
---|---|---|---|
Positive factors | Diet | - Mediterranean diet increases SR-B1 expression - SR-B1 has an important role in the uptake of lipid-soluble vitamins, which have been associated with lower risk of stroke - Chronic moderate alcohol accelerated cholesterol clearance via SR-B1-mediated reverse cholesterol transport | Nakamura et al. [52], Rimm et al. [53], Farras et al. [54], Han et al. [55] Li et al. [56] |
 | Exercise | - Increases SR-B1 expression | Wei et al. [57] |
Negative factors | Smoking | - Smoking decreases SR-B1 expression of keratinocytes and possibly type II pneumocytes | |
 | Diabetes | - Increases SR-B1 expression - SR-B1-knockout hyperglycemic mice had an increased incidence of coronary artery atherothrombosis, myocardial infarction, and early death | |
 | Obesity | - Obesity-induced upregulation of miR-24 could function as a feedback regulator of SR-B1 | Wang et al. [61] |
 | Hypercholesterolemia/atherosclerosis | - SR-B1 primarily functions in an atheroprotective capacity, when expressed in monocytes and macrophages | Kozarsky et al. [62], Zhang et al. [63], Van Eck et al. [64], Galle-Treger et al. [40] |
 | Coronary heart disease (CHD) | - SR-B1 deficiency leads to increased risk of CHD. | Zanoni et al. [65] |
 | Hypertension | - Lack of direct studies investigating SR-B1 expression in hypertension - Indirect effects may be possible, as a lack of SR-B1 led to impairment of nitric oxide, a potent vasodilator | |
 | Sickle cell | - No direct studies involving SR-B1 expression and sickle cell conditions - Indirect involvement is possible, as lipid dysregulation partially determines severity of sickle cell - SR-B1 is reported to facilitate cell-entry of malaria |