Table 1 Patient information
From: Treatment of direct carotid-cavernous fistula with Willis covered stent with midterm follow-up
Patient no. | Sex (F/M) | Years | Presentation | Duration | Recurrent (yes/no) | Operation process | Immediate angiographic result | Follow-up result |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | F | 25 | Chemosis | 7 days | No | One stent | Patent, no endoleak | No symptom. Patent, no stenosis |
2 | M | 28 | Chemosis/exophthalmos/bruit/ocular movement disorder | 5 days | No | One stent, repeated dilation, persistent endoleak, second stent, endoleak, occlude the ICA with balloons | ICA occlusion | Decreased visual acuity. No DSA follow-up |
3 | M | 45 | Chemosis | 12 days | No | Could not deliver the stent to the fistula, occlude the ICA with balloons | ICA occlusion | No symptom. No DSA follow-up |
4 | M | 21 | Chemosis/exophthalmos/bruit/ocular movement disorder | 6 days | No | One stent, endoleak, seal the fistula with coils | Patent, no endoleak | Slight ocular movement disorder. Patent, DSA follow-up in a local hospital. |
5 | M | 19 | Chemosis/exophthalmos/bruit | 14 days | No | One stent | Patent, no endoleak | No symptom. Patent, no stenosis |
6 | F | 29 | Chemosis/exophthalmos | 3 days | No | One stent | Patent, no endoleak | No symptom. Patent, no stenosis |
7 | F | 18 | Chemosis/exophthalmos/bruit/ocular movement disorder | 4 days | No | One stent | Patent, no endoleak | No symptom. Patent, no stenosis |
8 | M | 31 | Chemosis/bruit | 2 months | Yes | One stent | Patent, no endoleak | Decreased visual acuity. Refuse DSA follow-up |
9 | M | 29 | Chemosis | 6 months | Yes | One stent | Patent, no endoleak | No symptom. Patent, no stenosis |
10 | M | 35 | Chemosis/exophthalmos | 1.5 months | No | One stent, repeated dilation | Patent, slight endoleak | No symptom. Patent, slight stenosis, no endoleak |