Fig. 3
![Fig. 3](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs41016-022-00280-6/MediaObjects/41016_2022_280_Fig3_HTML.png)
Illustration of the mini-temporal approach. As applied in a variety of tumor resections or open biopsy procedures, including meningiomas (A), gliomas (E, M, and Q), and chordomas (I). The incisions were individually designed according to the tumor size and location and the patient’s hairline (B, F, J, N, R). With a smaller incision and a bone window, most temporal lesions can be successfully removed (C, G, K, O, S), and MRI imaging can confirm total resection (D, H, L, P, T)